Humblot's Heron

Ardea humbloti - Héron de Humblot

Héron de Humblot
adult
Systematics
  • Order 
    :

    Pelecaniformes

  • Family
    :

    Ardéidés

  • Genus
    :

    Ardea

  • Species
    :

    humbloti

Descriptor

Milne-Edwards Grandidier, A, 1885

Biometrics
  • Size
    : 100 cm
  • Wingspan
    : 180 cm.
  • Weight
    : -
Geographic range

Distribution

Identification

Héron de Humblot
adult
Héron de Humblot

At a glance, this heron looks just like a Grey Heron. With a similar size and wingspan, Humblot's Heron differs by its uniform dark grey colour, without the white areas that a Grey Heron could have. On its head is a nearly black mask. This starts from the forehead and goes down to the neck, ending with two big black feathers. The mask also slightly covers the cheeks. The chin is also black. The pale yellow iris and lores, with no feathers and a greyish-green colour, contrast with the mask. The beak is long and strong, very pale yellow during non-breeding season and tending to orange in breeding season. The rest of the body is grey, with darker remiges. Vaporous feathers on the mantle and the base of the neck are clearer, reminding us of the Ardeidae family. The legs and feet are usually grey-brown. There is no sexual dimorphism in Humblot's Heron. Juveniles look like adults with a dark grey mask instead of black. The throat is white and the beak greyish yellow.

Subspecific information monotypic species

Foreign names

  • Héron de Humblot,
  • Garza malgache,
  • garça-malgaxe,
  • Madagaskarreiher,
  • madagaszkári gém,
  • Madagaskarreiger,
  • Airone di Humblot,
  • madagaskarhäger,
  • Madagaskarhegre,
  • volavka masková,
  • volavka madagaskarská,
  • Askehejre,
  • madagaskarinhaikara,
  • bernat de Madagascar,
  • czapla maskowa,
  • Мадагаскарская цапля,
  • マダガスカルサギ,
  • 马岛鹭,
  • madagaskarhäger,
  • 馬達加斯加鷺,

Habitat

Héron de Humblot

Humblot's Heron is an aquatic bird that can inhabit shallow wetlands, saline or freshwater environments. It is usually found closer to coastal areas or rocky islets, but it also prefers to live around lakes, rivers, mangroves, estuaries, lagoons and rice fields.

Behaviour character trait

Héron de Humblot

Humblot's Heron is generally solitary. It feeds alone, rarely forming small colonies. It can stay standing for hours hunting in shallow waters.

Héron de Humblot
On the coast, it takes advantage of the rising and falling tides. Patient fisher, it scans the water with its sharp eyes and detects the slightest movement. With a quick thrust it extends its long neck before in a S shape and grabs its prey with its dagger beak. On strong wind one will see its neck perfectly parallel to the water surface. After catching a large prey, Humblot's Heron will go to swallow on a place with firmer ground. Between each catch, it may also go rest on the beach and clean itself.

Dietfeeding habits

Héron de Humblot
adult

Humblot's Heron feeds on small and large fish up to 20 cm in length as well as crustaceans. It also catches eels.

Reproduction nesting

Héron de Humblot
adult

Humblot's Heron usually nests alone although sometimes it may settle among colonies of other ardeids.

Héron de Humblot
This will often be with the Grey Heron. It has happened that one can find a Humblot's Heron chick in a Grey Heron nest without knowledge of hybridation or mixed couples. The nest is a simple platform of branches and/or vegetation coming from wet areas which he will choose for his nesting, placed at the top of a tree or among rocks. The female lays 1 to 3 blue eggs that are incubated by both sexes. The breeding period is not very well known, yet it is suspected to take place all year round. As for the reproduction successes, they are however very uncertain. Indeed, it is rare to see juveniles in the areas where it is known that reproduction takes place.

Geographic range

Distribution
Héron de Humblot
adult

Humblot's Heron is endemic to Madagascar and can be seen in the Comoros Archipelago. In Madagascar, it is mainly found along the western coast, in wet areas around the Ampijoroa Forest Reserve, including around Lake Amboromalandy and along the coast between Tuléar and the Onilahy River up to the bay of Saint-Augustin. Its distribution extends from sea level to 1,500 meters above sea level. It has become regular in Mayotte. Sightings are rare on Mohéli, nonexistent on Grand Comore, and uncertain on Anjouan.

Threats - protection

Héron de Humblot
IUCN conservation status
Extinct
Threatened
Least
concern
Extinc
in the Wild
Near
threatened
Not
evaluated
EX EW CR EN VU NT LC NE

The population of Humblot's Heron had never been quantified but it is known to be very small and endangered. Data from 2003 and 2004 concluded that there are a maximum of 1,500 individuals, or around 1,000 adults. It is listed on the IUCN's Red List and its numbers are constantly declining due to the degradation and overexploitation of its habitat, such as the replacement of wetlands with rice fields in Madagascar. Deforestation on the island has indirectly led to a decrease in its numbers due to the erosion of deforested land filling in shallow waters. Poaching and looting of the nests by local populations are also contributors to this dramatic decrease in numbers. Humblot's Heron breeds in the protected reserves of Madagascar, unfortunately 50% of its population breeds outside these zones and is thus very poorly protected.

Sources of information

Other sources of interest

QRcode Héron de HumblotSpecification sheet created on 25/07/2023 by
Translation by AI Oiseaux.net
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