Les Picidés sont des oiseaux de la taille d'un moineau à celle d'une corneille. Ils sont adaptés morphologiquement à la vie arboricole. Leurs pattes solides sont pourvues de quatre longs doigts (rarement trois) terminés de griffes puissantes, deux tournés vers l'avant et deux vers l'arrière, facilitant la préhension des troncs et des branches. La queue possède des rectrices cornées très rigides et pointues qui leur servent de point d'appui bas pour le corps dans leur station verticale le long d'un tronc ou d'une branche. Ils ont un bec droit, tronqué et tranchant à son extrémité. Ils s'en servent pour creuser le bois mort ou vivant pour trouver leur nourriture ou creuser leur loge de nidification. Les espèces se nourrissant au sol s'en servent pour creuser le sol et accéder à leurs proies. Ce sont des insectivores qui ont une langue étroite et démesurée, enroulée au repos dans une gaine qui contourne le cerveau, et qu'ils déploient lorsqu'ils se nourrissent. Cette langue très tactile est collante et munie de petits crochets à son extrémité. Les pics enfilent leur langue dans les galeries du bois ou du sol pour en extirper les insectes et leurs larves qui s'y trouvent. Des adaptations extrêmes donc dans cette famille d'oiseaux.
Nom scientifique | Nom commun | Nom anglais |
---|---|---|
Jynx torquilla | Torcol fourmilier | Eurasian Wryneck |
Jynx ruficollis | Torcol à gorge rousse | Red-throated Wryneck |
Picumnus innominatus | Picumne tacheté | Speckled Piculet |
Picumnus aurifrons | Picumne barré | Bar-breasted Piculet |
Picumnus lafresnayi | Picumne de Lafresnaye | Lafresnaye's Piculet |
Picumnus pumilus | Picumne de l'Orénoque | Orinoco Piculet |
Picumnus exilis | Picumne de Buffon | Golden-spangled Piculet |
Picumnus sclateri | Picumne de Sclater | Ecuadorian Piculet |
Picumnus squamulatus | Picumne squamulé | Scaled Piculet |
Picumnus spilogaster | Picumne à ventre blanc | White-bellied Piculet |
Picumnus minutissimus | Picumne de Cayenne | Arrowhead Piculet |
Picumnus pygmaeus | Picumne ocellé | Spotted Piculet |
Picumnus steindachneri | Picumne perlé | Speckle-chested Piculet |
Picumnus varzeae | Picumne des varzéas | Varzea Piculet |
Picumnus cirratus | Picumne frangé | White-barred Piculet |
Picumnus dorbignyanus | Picumne d'Orbigny | Ocellated Piculet |
Picumnus temminckii | Picumne de Temminck | Ochre-collared Piculet |
Picumnus albosquamatus | Picumne noir et blanc | White-wedged Piculet |
Picumnus fuscus | Picumne à nuque rousse | Rusty-necked Piculet |
Picumnus rufiventris | Picumne à ventre roux | Rufous-breasted Piculet |
Picumnus limae | Picumne ocré | Ochraceous Piculet |
Picumnus nebulosus | Picumne strié | Mottled Piculet |
Picumnus castelnau | Picumne de Castelnau | Plain-breasted Piculet |
Picumnus subtilis | Picumne de Cuzco | Fine-barred Piculet |
Picumnus olivaceus | Picumne olivâtre | Olivaceous Piculet |
Picumnus granadensis | Picumne gris | Greyish Piculet |
Picumnus cinnamomeus | Picumne cannelle | Chestnut Piculet |
Verreauxia africana | Picumne de Verreaux | African Piculet |
Sasia abnormis | Picumne roux | Rufous Piculet |
Sasia ochracea | Picumne à sourcils blancs | White-browed Piculet |
Nesoctites micromegas | Picumne des Antilles | Antillean Piculet |
Hemicircus concretus | Pic trapu | Grey-and-buff Woodpecker |
Hemicircus canente | Pic canente | Heart-spotted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes candidus | Pic dominicain | White Woodpecker |
Melanerpes lewis | Pic de Lewis | Lewis's Woodpecker |
Melanerpes herminieri | Pic de la Guadeloupe | Guadeloupe Woodpecker |
Melanerpes portoricensis | Pic de Porto Rico | Puerto Rican Woodpecker |
Melanerpes erythrocephalus | Pic à tête rouge | Red-headed Woodpecker |
Melanerpes formicivorus | Pic glandivore | Acorn Woodpecker |
Melanerpes cruentatus | Pic à chevron d'or | Yellow-tufted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes flavifrons | Pic à front jaune | Yellow-fronted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes chrysauchen | Pic masqué | Golden-naped Woodpecker |
Melanerpes pulcher | Pic splendide | Beautiful Woodpecker |
Melanerpes pucherani | Pic de Pucheran | Black-cheeked Woodpecker |
Melanerpes cactorum | Pic des cactus | White-fronted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes striatus | Pic d'Hispaniola | Hispaniolan Woodpecker |
Melanerpes radiolatus | Pic de la Jamaïque | Jamaican Woodpecker |
Melanerpes chrysogenys | Pic élégant | Golden-cheeked Woodpecker |
Melanerpes hypopolius | Pic alezan | Grey-breasted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes pygmaeus | Pic du Yucatan | Yucatan Woodpecker |
Melanerpes rubricapillus | Pic à couronne rouge | Red-crowned Woodpecker |
Melanerpes uropygialis | Pic des saguaros | Gila Woodpecker |
Melanerpes hoffmannii | Pic de Hoffmann | Hoffmann's Woodpecker |
Melanerpes aurifrons | Pic à front doré | Golden-fronted Woodpecker |
Melanerpes santacruzi | Pic de Santa Cruz | Velasquez's Woodpecker |
Melanerpes carolinus | Pic à ventre roux | Red-bellied Woodpecker |
Melanerpes superciliaris | Pic à sourcils noirs | West Indian Woodpecker |
Sphyrapicus thyroideus | Pic de Williamson | Williamson's Sapsucker |
Sphyrapicus varius | Pic maculé | Yellow-bellied Sapsucker |
Sphyrapicus nuchalis | Pic à nuque rouge | Red-naped Sapsucker |
Sphyrapicus ruber | Pic à poitrine rouge | Red-breasted Sapsucker |
Xiphidiopicus percussus | Pic poignardé | Cuban Green Woodpecker |
Pardipicus nivosus | Pic tacheté | Buff-spotted Woodpecker |
Pardipicus caroli | Pic à oreillons bruns | Brown-eared Woodpecker |
Geocolaptes olivaceus | Pic laboureur | Ground Woodpecker |
Campethera punctuligera | Pic à taches noires | Fine-spotted Woodpecker |
Campethera bennettii | Pic de Bennett | Bennett's Woodpecker |
Campethera scriptoricauda | Pic de Reichenow | Speckle-throated Woodpecker |
Campethera nubica | Pic de Nubie | Nubian Woodpecker |
Campethera abingoni | Pic à queue dorée | Golden-tailed Woodpecker |
Campethera mombassica | Pic de Mombasa | Mombasa Woodpecker |
Campethera notata | Pic tigré | Knysna Woodpecker |
Campethera maculosa | Pic barré | Little Green Woodpecker |
Campethera cailliautii | Pic de Cailliaut | Little Spotted Woodpecker |
Campethera tullbergi | Pic de Tullberg | Tullberg's Woodpecker |
Campethera taeniolaema | Pic à raies fines | Fine-banded Woodpecker |
Yungipicus temminckii | Pic de Temminck | Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus nanus | Pic à calotte brune | Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus canicapillus | Pic à coiffe grise | Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus maculatus | Pic des Philippines | Philippine Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus ramsayi | Pic de Ramsay | Sulu Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus moluccensis | Pic nain | Sunda Pygmy Woodpecker |
Yungipicus kizuki | Pic kisuki | Japanese Pygmy Woodpecker |
Picoides tridactylus | Pic tridactyle | Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker |
Picoides dorsalis | Pic à dos rayé | American Three-toed Woodpecker |
Picoides arcticus | Pic à dos noir | Black-backed Woodpecker |
Dendrocoptes dorae | Pic d'Arabie | Arabian Woodpecker |
Dendrocoptes auriceps | Pic à tête jaune | Brown-fronted Woodpecker |
Dendrocoptes medius | Pic mar | Middle Spotted Woodpecker |
Leiopicus mahrattensis | Pic mahratte | Yellow-crowned Woodpecker |
Chloropicus namaquus | Pic barbu | Bearded Woodpecker |
Chloropicus xantholophus | Pic à couronne d'or | Yellow-crested Woodpecker |
Chloropicus pyrrhogaster | Pic à ventre de feu | Fire-bellied Woodpecker |
Dendropicos elachus | Pic gris | Little Grey Woodpecker |
Dendropicos poecilolaemus | Pic à poitrine tachetée | Speckle-breasted Woodpecker |
Dendropicos abyssinicus | Pic d'Abyssinie | Abyssinian Woodpecker |
Dendropicos fuscescens | Pic cardinal | Cardinal Woodpecker |
Dendropicos gabonensis | Pic du Gabon | Gabon Woodpecker |
Dendropicos lugubris | Pic à raies noires | Melancholy Woodpecker |
Dendropicos stierlingi | Pic de Stierling | Stierling's Woodpecker |
Dendropicos elliotii | Pic d'Elliott | Elliot's Woodpecker |
Dendropicos goertae | Pic goertan | African Grey Woodpecker |
Dendropicos spodocephalus | Pic spodocéphale | Eastern Grey Woodpecker |
Dendropicos griseocephalus | Pic olive | Olive Woodpecker |
Dendropicos obsoletus | Pic à dos brun | Brown-backed Woodpecker |
Dryobates nuttallii | Pic de Nuttall | Nuttall's Woodpecker |
Dryobates scalaris | Pic arlequin | Ladder-backed Woodpecker |
Dryobates pubescens | Pic mineur | Downy Woodpecker |
Dryobates cathpharius | Pic à plastron rouge | Crimson-naped Woodpecker |
Dryobates pernyii | Pic de Perny | Necklaced Woodpecker |
Dryobates minor | Pic épeichette | Lesser Spotted Woodpecker |
Veniliornis passerinus | Pic passerin | Little Woodpecker |
Veniliornis frontalis | Pic étoilé | Dot-fronted Woodpecker |
Veniliornis spilogaster | Pic aspergé | White-spotted Woodpecker |
Veniliornis mixtus | Pic varié | Checkered Woodpecker |
Veniliornis lignarius | Pic bûcheron | Striped Woodpecker |
Veniliornis callonotus | Pic rubin | Scarlet-backed Woodpecker |
Veniliornis dignus | Pic à ventre jaune | Yellow-vented Woodpecker |
Veniliornis nigriceps | Pic à ventre barré | Bar-bellied Woodpecker |
Veniliornis sanguineus | Pic rougeâtre | Blood-colored Woodpecker |
Veniliornis kirkii | Pic à croupion rouge | Red-rumped Woodpecker |
Veniliornis affinis | Pic affin | Red-stained Woodpecker |
Veniliornis chocoensis | Pic du Chocó | Choco Woodpecker |
Veniliornis cassini | Pic de Cassin | Golden-collared Woodpecker |
Veniliornis maculifrons | Pic à oreilles d'or | Yellow-eared Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus borealis | Pic à face blanche | Red-cockaded Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus fumigatus | Pic enfumé | Smoky-brown Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus arizonae | Pic d'Arizona | Arizona Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus stricklandi | Pic de Strickland | Strickland's Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus villosus | Pic chevelu | Hairy Woodpecker |
Leuconotopicus albolarvatus | Pic à tête blanche | White-headed Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos hyperythrus | Pic à ventre fauve | Rufous-bellied Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos macei | Pic de Macé | Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos analis | Pic à ventre tireté | Freckle-breasted Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos atratus | Pic à poitrine rayée | Stripe-breasted Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos darjellensis | Pic de Darjiling | Darjeeling Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos himalayensis | Pic de l'Himalaya | Himalayan Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos assimilis | Pic du Sind | Sind Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos syriacus | Pic syriaque | Syrian Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos leucopterus | Pic à ailes blanches | White-winged Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos major | Pic épeiche | Great Spotted Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos noguchii | Pic d'Okinawa | Okinawa Woodpecker |
Dendrocopos leucotos | Pic à dos blanc | White-backed Woodpecker |
Piculus simplex | Pic à ailes rousses | Rufous-winged Woodpecker |
Piculus callopterus | Pic bridé | Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker |
Piculus leucolaemus | Pic à gorge blanche | White-throated Woodpecker |
Piculus litae | Pic de Lita | Lita Woodpecker |
Piculus flavigula | Pic à gorge jaune | Yellow-throated Woodpecker |
Piculus chrysochloros | Pic vert-doré | Golden-green Woodpecker |
Piculus aurulentus | Pic à bandeaux | Yellow-browed Woodpecker |
Colaptes rubiginosus | Pic or-olive | Golden-olive Woodpecker |
Colaptes aeruginosus | Pic à ailes bronzées | Bronze-winged Woodpecker |
Colaptes auricularis | Pic à tête grise | Grey-crowned Woodpecker |
Colaptes rivolii | Pic de Rivoli | Crimson-mantled Woodpecker |
Colaptes atricollis | Pic à cou noir | Black-necked Woodpecker |
Colaptes punctigula | Pic de Cayenne | Spot-breasted Woodpecker |
Colaptes melanochloros | Pic vert et noir | Green-barred Woodpecker |
Colaptes auratus | Pic flamboyant | Northern Flicker |
Colaptes mexicanoides | Pic du Guatemala | Guatemalan Flicker |
Colaptes chrysoides | Pic chrysoïde | Gilded Flicker |
Colaptes oceanicus | Pic des Bermudes | Bermuda Flicker |
Colaptes fernandinae | Pic de Fernandina | Fernandina's Flicker |
Colaptes pitius | Pic du Chili | Chilean Flicker |
Colaptes rupicola | Pic des rochers | Andean Flicker |
Colaptes campestris | Pic champêtre | Campo Flicker |
Celeus loricatus | Pic cannelle | Cinnamon Woodpecker |
Celeus undatus | Pic ondé | Waved Woodpecker |
Celeus castaneus | Pic roux | Chestnut-colored Woodpecker |
Celeus elegans | Pic mordoré | Chestnut Woodpecker |
Celeus lugubris | Pic à tête pâle | Pale-crested Woodpecker |
Celeus flavescens | Pic ocré | Blond-crested Woodpecker |
Celeus ochraceus | Pic à ventre ocre | Ochre-backed Woodpecker |
Celeus flavus | Pic jaune | Cream-colored Woodpecker |
Celeus spectabilis | Pic à tête rousse | Rufous-headed Woodpecker |
Celeus obrieni | Pic d'O'Brien | Kaempfer's Woodpecker |
Celeus torquatus | Pic à cravate noire | Ringed Woodpecker |
Celeus galeatus | Pic casqué | Helmeted Woodpecker |
Dryocopus schulzii | Pic lucifer | Black-bodied Woodpecker |
Dryocopus lineatus | Pic ouentou | Lineated Woodpecker |
Dryocopus pileatus | Grand Pic | Pileated Woodpecker |
Dryocopus javensis | Pic à ventre blanc | White-bellied Woodpecker |
Dryocopus hodgei | Pic des Andaman | Andaman Woodpecker |
Dryocopus martius | Pic noir | Black Woodpecker |
Campephilus pollens | Pic puissant | Powerful Woodpecker |
Campephilus splendens | Pic resplendissant | Splendid Woodpecker |
Campephilus haematogaster | Pic superbe | Crimson-bellied Woodpecker |
Campephilus rubricollis | Pic à cou rouge | Red-necked Woodpecker |
Campephilus robustus | Pic robuste | Robust Woodpecker |
Campephilus melanoleucos | Pic de Malherbe | Crimson-crested Woodpecker |
Campephilus guatemalensis | Pic à bec clair | Pale-billed Woodpecker |
Campephilus gayaquilensis | Pic de Guayaquil | Guayaquil Woodpecker |
Campephilus leucopogon | Pic à dos crème | Cream-backed Woodpecker |
Campephilus magellanicus | Pic de Magellan | Magellanic Woodpecker |
Campephilus principalis | Pic à bec ivoire | Ivory-billed Woodpecker |
Campephilus imperialis | Pic impérial | Imperial Woodpecker |
Chrysophlegma miniaceum | Pic minium | Banded Woodpecker |
Chrysophlegma mentale | Pic gorgeret | Checker-throated Woodpecker |
Chrysophlegma flavinucha | Pic à nuque jaune | Greater Yellownape |
Picus chlorolophus | Pic à huppe jaune | Lesser Yellownape |
Picus puniceus | Pic grenadin | Crimson-winged Woodpecker |
Picus viridanus | Pic verdâtre | Streak-breasted Woodpecker |
Picus vittatus | Pic médiastin | Laced Woodpecker |
Picus xanthopygaeus | Pic striolé | Streak-throated Woodpecker |
Picus squamatus | Pic écaillé | Scaly-bellied Woodpecker |
Picus awokera | Pic awokéra | Japanese Green Woodpecker |
Picus viridis | Pic vert | European Green Woodpecker |
Picus sharpei | Pic de Sharpe | Iberian Green Woodpecker |
Picus vaillantii | Pic de Levaillant | Levaillant's Woodpecker |
Picus rabieri | Pic de Rabier | Red-collared Woodpecker |
Picus erythropygius | Pic à tête noire | Black-headed Woodpecker |
Picus canus | Pic cendré | Grey-headed Woodpecker |
Picus dedemi | Pic de Dedem | Sumatran Woodpecker |
Dinopium shorii | Pic de Shore | Himalayan Flameback |
Dinopium javanense | Pic à dos rouge | Common Flameback |
Dinopium everetti | Pic d'Everett | Spot-throated Flameback |
Dinopium benghalense | Pic du Bengale | Black-rumped Flameback |
Dinopium psarodes | Pic de Lichtenstein | Red-backed Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes validus | Pic vigoureux | Orange-backed Woodpecker |
Chrysocolaptes lucidus | Pic sultan | Buff-spotted Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes haematribon | Pic de Luçon | Luzon Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes xanthocephalus | Pic à face jaune | Yellow-faced Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes erythrocephalus | Pic à face rouge | Red-headed Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes strictus | Pic de Java | Javan Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus | Pic à dos cramoisi | Greater Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes socialis | Pic de Malabar | Malabar Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes stricklandi | Pic du Sri Lanka | Crimson-backed Flameback |
Chrysocolaptes festivus | Pic de Goa | White-naped Woodpecker |
Gecinulus grantia | Pic grantia | Pale-headed Woodpecker |
Gecinulus viridis | Pic des bambous | Bamboo Woodpecker |
Gecinulus rafflesii | Pic oriflamme | Olive-backed Woodpecker |
Blythipicus rubiginosus | Pic porphyroïde | Maroon Woodpecker |
Blythipicus pyrrhotis | Pic à oreillons rouges | Bay Woodpecker |
Micropternus brachyurus | Pic brun | Rufous Woodpecker |
Meiglyptes grammithorax | Pic à croupion fauve | Buff-rumped Woodpecker |
Meiglyptes tristis | Pic strihup | Zebra Woodpecker |
Meiglyptes jugularis | Pic à jugulaire | Black-and-buff Woodpecker |
Meiglyptes tukki | Pic tukki | Buff-necked Woodpecker |
Mulleripicus fulvus | Pic fauve | Ashy Woodpecker |
Mulleripicus funebris | Pic en deuil | Northern Sooty Woodpecker |
Mulleripicus fuliginosus | Pic fuligineux | Southern Sooty Woodpecker |
Mulleripicus pulverulentus | Pic meunier | Great Slaty Woodpecker |